Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are robust, insulating boards created on a substrate foundation,exemplified. Their primary role is to establish electrical connections and provide structural support to a circuit's electronic components. Commonly found in a myriad of electronic devices, PCBs are typically recognizable by their green color. These boards are designed to accommodate various active components like operational amplifiers and batteries, as well as passive components, including inductors, resistors, and capacitors, aligning with the specific design needs and dimensions of the intended final product.